Effects of open access competition on prices and frequencies on the interurban railway market: Evidence from Europe

This paper explores the effect of competition on prices and frequencies for Interurban rail market in Europe. Intramodal is assessed by Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI). Intermodal takes into account new types service such as coach carpooling services. The originality analysis stems from method database used. results show that intra-modal has a significant impact but not economy class because oligopolistic organizations (duopoly). In addition, effects intermodal are limited mainly considerable differences between services terms travel time, comfort users' preferences.